In this video I discuss how we can experience an indirect pressure to conform to the attitudes or behaviors of a group. I describe Muzafer Sherif’s early research using the autokinetic effect to demonstrate informational influence, followed by Solomon Asch’s … Read More
The Presence of Others: Social Facilitation & Social Loafing
In this video I discuss how the presence of others can influence performance. I begin with social facilitation, studied by Norman Triplett in 1898, which suggests that the additional arousal caused by the presence of others can improve performance on … Read More
Attitudes, Behavior, & Cognitive Dissonance
In this video I discuss the relationship between attitudes and behavior, including Richard LaPiere’s early work on discriminatory practices and Festinger and Carlsmith’s classic study on cognitive dissonance. Cognitive dissonance refers to the discomfort caused by conflicting attitudes or behaviors, … Read More
The Self & Others
In this video I discuss how others influence the formation of our self–concept using the theories of social comparison theory and social identity theory. Social comparison theory, proposed by Leon Festinger, suggests that we necessarily look to the traits and … Read More
Culture & Cultural Dimensions
In this video I discuss how cultural dimensions can be used to think about the general differences between cultures and how culture may influence thought and behavior. I describe Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, based on his research with IBM employees … Read More
Introduction to Social Psychology
In this video I introduce social psychology and the investigation of how groups, culture, and social context influence our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I differentiate social psychology from sociology, which generally looks at influence on broader groups rather than individuals. … Read More
Adulthood & Aging
In this video I describe the changes and challenges associated with adulthood and aging. These include new responsibilities, declines in physical and cognitive abilities, and changes in relationships over time. Despite these changes, however, most older adults see an increase … Read More
Development of Sexual Orientation
In this video I briefly describe research related to development of sexual orientation, with a focus on homosexuality. Despite Freud’s emphasis on identification, there doesn’t seem to be a relationship between parenting and sexual orientation. Twin studies have suggested that … Read More
Puberty & Adolescence
In this video I describe the changes associated with puberty and adolescence, ranging from the physical to the socioemotional. Puberty causes major physical changes in both primary and secondary sex characteristics as adolescents become capable of reproduction. Cognitive changes include … Read More
Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development
In this video I describe Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development and its 3 main stages: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. I also provide a description of the Heinz dilemma and how different responses might be categorized into the levels of … Read More